<text>Tianjin is the municipality directly under the Central Government, lying in the northeast of the North China Plain and in the center of Bohai Bay. It is adjacent to the Bohai Sea in the east and backs onto Yanshan Mountain in the north. Tianjin is 120 km from Beijing, so it is of key importance as the doorway to protect the capital and its environs. Inside, it boasts a broad hinterland, with transport links radiating to 13 provinces, cities and municipalities of north, northeast and northwest China; externally, it faces Northeast Asia, and is the largest coastal open city in north China.</text>
<text>The urban architecture of Tianjin is characteristic, including ancient elegant and simple buildings with carved girders and paintings as well as numerous novel and unique western constructions. There are the Tudor style of Britain, Gothic of Germany, Romantic style of France, classical style of Russia and the Athenian style of Greece and so on, all of which known as "small foreign buildings" by locals. There are altogether 872 buildings with historical links to Britain, France, America, Russia, Italy, Australia, Belgium and Germany, and so on, covering an area of 1.56 million square meters. All those buildings are witness to the modern history of China, being of extremely high development value. It is rare in China and even in the world for a city to preserve a large number of old buildings with such varied folk style and so many Western buildings. Hence, Tianjin enjoys the name as a permanent "International Architectural Exposition".</text>
<text>Tianjin belongs to the semi-humid continental monsoon climate of the warm-temperate zone, featuring the transition from land to sea. July is the hottest with the monthly average temperature reaching 26 degrees Celsius, while January is the coldest with the monthly average temperature of four degrees below zero.</text>
<map filename="1_2_1">Scenic Spots in Tianjin</map>
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<title>{1_2_2}Traffic of Tianjin</title>
<text>Tianjin Binhai International Airport has many international and domestic flight routes and is the largest cargo air transportation center in north China.</text>
<text>There are four railway stations for passenger transportation: Tianjin Railway Station lies to the east of Jiefang Bridge in the urban area, Tianjin North Railway Station is located in Hebei District, South Railway Station lies at the northern end of the Tianjin-Pukou Railway and in the northwest of Tianjin. Meanwhile, most trains on the Beijing-Shanghai line pass through Tianjin West Railway Station. Of the four, Tianjin Railway Station is the largest. There are trains to more than 40 cities such as Beijing, Shijiazhuang, Guangzhou, Xi'an, Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Harbin and Manzhouli, and so on. There are express trains to Tianjin from Beijing, but you should pay attention to the destination stations, differentiating Tianjin Railway Station from Tianjin North Railway Station.</text>
<text>The Beijing-Tianjin-Tanggu Expressway is the first in China to traverse the province and city and the main road connection between Tianjin and the national capital, having a total length of 142.69 km and being the fully-enclosed expressway with four lanes. It only takes about 90 minutes to travel between Beijing and Tianjin.</text>
<text>There are three domestic regular shipping lines based in the passenger sector of Tianjin port: Tianjin-Longkou, Tianjin-Yantai and Tianjin-Dalian, and two international routes: Tianjin-Kobe [Japan] and Tianjin-Inchon [South Korea].</text>
<text>The price of the subway in Tianjin is two to five Yuan, and it operates 18 hours (5:00-23:00) a day. The two termini of the light rail in Tianjin are Zhongshanmen and the light rail center of the development zone. The ticket price for the entire distance is six Yuan, but five Yuan from the downtown area to Tanggu Yanghuo, a journey of less than 40 minutes.</text>
<text>Many buses in the downtown area have no conductor, with the price being one to two Yuan and the price for a ticket to the development zone four to five Yuan (train or bus). There is also a bus tourist line in Tianjin. It operates from 8:00 am to 6:30 pm.</text>
<text>The price of the taxis is one to two Yuan per km after an initial charge of seven to ten Yuan.</text>
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<title>{1_2_3}Features of Tianjin</title>
<text>Tianjin has four world-known folk arts, including painted sculpture art of "Zhang's Art of Clay Figures", "Yangliuqing New Year Pictures", "Wei's Kites" and brick sculptures represented by the "Liu's Brick Sculpture".</text>
<text>The Tianjin Flower Fair was admired by Qing Emperor Qianlong (who reigned in 1736-1795) when visiting southern China, thus the name "Imperial Fair". On the 23rd day of the lunar third month (the birthday of Tian Hou, Queen of Heaven), in the Tianhou Palace by the ancient culture street situated in Sanchahe there are grand Imperial Fair Performances, including programs such as dragon lantern fair, lion fair, Shaolin fair, stilt, drum and land boat. During the Lantern Festival (on the fifteenth day of the lunar first month), all kinds of folk flower fairs activities are held downtown and in suburban counties.</text>
<text>There are various traditional snacks in Tianjin. There are the "three second-to-none foods", i.e. Gou Bu Li Bao Zi (Steamed Stuffed Bun That Dogs Are Not Interested In), Shi Ba Jie Ma Hua (18th Street Fired Dough Twist) and Er Duo Yan Zha Gao (Ear Hole Fried Cake).</text>
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<title>{2_2_1}Nanshi Food Street</title>
<text>This is located in the prosperous old commercial center, Nanshi, covering an area of 2.5 hectares. It is also the building imitating the style of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). There are more than 100 two-storied restaurants, wine and tea houses, not only including the authentic local famous snacks such as Goubuli's Stuffed Buns, Shibajie Fried Dough Twists and Ear-hole Fried Cake, and so on, but also the local food from other places in the country. The buildings of the Food Street are of unique feature, with strong folk characteristic like the old, simple and grand palace. It is the largest new-type market dealing in the famous foods currently in China. There are dishes of Sichuan, Shandong, Hunan and Zhejiang Provinces, sweet, salted, dry and watery folk snacks and Western-style food from Italy and Russia as well as venison, seafood, simple meal of the village and "fangshan" cuisines and so on.</text>
<tip>Transport: Take Nos.860, 845 and 870 buses or No.1 tourist bus.</tip>
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<title>{2_2_2}Dule Temple</title>
<text>It lies at the west gate of Ji County. The Tang Dynasty (618-907) temple is the oldest extant high-rise timberwork building in China. It includes the mountain door and the Kwan-yin Pavilion. The latter is 23 meters high, with 24 kinds of pendentives, and it is famous for its construction technique. It is recorded that, since its reconstruction during the Liao Dynasty (916-1125), it has suffered 28 earthquakes, three of which were of devastating intensity, and almost all the buildings collapsed; only the Kwan-yin sculpture remained broken. This is 16 meters high, and because there are 10 small Buddha heads, it is called the "eleven-faced Kwan-yin". The sculptures of the attendants on the both sides and the Emperor are all the painted sculptures of the Liao Dynasty with extremely high cultural relic value.</text>
<tip>It will take 100 minutes from Beijing Sihui Coach Station, leaving at 8:30 am, to reach Jixian County in Tianjin by coach. The price of the ticket is 15 Yuan and after arriving in Jixian County, you can walk directly to the scenic area. The price of the entry ticket is 18 Yuan.</tip>
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<title>{2_2_3}Dagukou Fort Barbette</title>
<text>Dagukou Fort Barbette is situated at the confluence of Haihe River, about 60 km southeast of Tianjin, and is the strategic pass for coastal defense. Dagukou Fort Barbette was originally set up in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and rebuilt in the eighth year of Qing Emperor Xianfeng's reign. There are five barbettes in total, named as "Dignity, Garrison, Sea, Gate and Height". Three cannons were placed on each barbette. During the Second Opium War (1856-1860) and invasion of the Eight-Power Allied Forces, the patriotic soldiers and Boxer soldiers fought heroically. The Qing Government and the Eight-Power Allied Forces signed the Peace Treaty of 1901, which stipulated that the Dagukou Fort Barbette be demolished. However, the Sea Barbette on the southern bank was not demolished. It has been well preserved to this day, becoming the important site witnessing the Chinese people's resistance against aggressors. The Fort Barbette is close to the sea giving fine views.</text>
<image filename="2_2_3a">Dagukou Fort Barbette, Tianjin</image>
<image filename="2_2_3b">Dagukou Fort Barbette, Tianjin</image>
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<title>{2_2_4}Dabei Buddhist Monastery</title>
<text>Located on Tianwei Road, Hebei District, this is the largest Buddhist temple in Tianjin and one of the key Buddhist temples in China. It consists of east and west parts. The west part was built during Qing Emperor Shunzhi's reign (1644-1661), and extended in 1669. The east part built in 1940 is the main part, in which there are Tianwang Hall, Daxiongbao Hall, Dabei Hall, Dizang Hall, Memorial Hall of Master Xuan Zang and Memorial Hall of Master Hongyi etc. Formerly one of Master Xuan Zang's bones was honored in the Daxiongbao Hall. In 1956, as the symbol of Sino-Indian traditional friendship it was presented to India's Narlanda Temple. From then on, the Dabei Buddhist Monastery became famous in Southeast Asia.</text>
<image filename="2_2_4a">Dabei Buddhist Monastery, Tianjin</image>
<image filename="2_2_4b">Dabei Buddhist Monastery, Tianjin</image>
<tip>The opening time is from 09:00 to 16:30 and entry costs 10 Yuan.</tip>
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<title>{2_2_5}Haihe River</title>
<text>Haihe River stretches 74 km across Tianjin proper carrying tourist pleasure-boats and speed boats. On the banks are the Haihe River Park, Haihe River Entertainment Square, Haihe River Imperial Palace, Haihefang Restaurant, and the Sculpture of One Hundred Dragons Playing Ball.</text>
<image filename="2_2_5a">Haihe River, Tianjin</image>
<image filename="2_2_5b">Haihe River, Tianjin</image>
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<title>{2_2_6}Shi Family Mansion</title>
<text>Located in Yangliuqing Town of Xiqing District, the Shi Family Mansion was the residence of Mr. Shi Yuanshi, the fourth son of Mr. Shi Wancheng, one of the eight richest people in Tianjin during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Constructed in 1875, it occupies an area of more than 6,000 square meters. It comprises four large-sized courtyards in Chinese traditional quadrangle style. Well-known as the "First Residence of North China", it now houses the Yangliuqing Folk Custom Museum.</text>
<image filename="2_2_6a">Shi Family Mansion, Tianjin</image>
<image filename="2_2_6b">Shi Family Mansion, Tianjin</image>
<tip>Take the No.153 Bus from Tianjin West Station to go direct or the Nos. 158, 175 and 672. Opening time: 9:00-16:30. Tickets: 20 Yuan for adults and 10 Yuan for minors. It is 100 meters west of Yuhe Bridge, Yangliuqing Town, Xiqing District.</tip>
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<title>{2_2_7}The Middle and Upper Proterozoic State Nature Reserve</title>
<text>Lying in the mountainous area of northern Jixian County, it starts from Changzhou Village in the northeast of the county and extends southwest to the Fujunshan Mountain near the downtown area of the county. There is a well-preserved ancient stratum, with a depth of 9,197 meters and a 24-km-long cross section. It is famous for a clear bottom, simple formation, extremely shallow transformation and abundant fossils of the ancient animals and plants. The stratum records the geological history from 1.9 billion years to 850 million years ago, divided into Changcheng System, Jixian System and Qingbaikou System from old to new and including 11 groups and 105 layers. In 1984, the State Council approved the section as the first State geological nature reserve; an exhibition hall with integrated functions of geological datum, academic research and natural sights helped overcome a lack of such kind of nature reserve in China.</text>
<image filename="2_2_7a">The Middle and Upper Proterozoic State Nature Reserve, Tianjin</image>
<image filename="2_2_7b">The Middle and Upper Proterozoic State Nature Reserve, Tianjin</image>
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<title>{2_2_8}Huangyaguan Great Wall</title>
<text>Located in the mountainous area in the north of Jixian County, Huangyaguan Great Wall is 120 kilometers from Tianjin downtown and 80 kilometers from Beijing. The grand, dangerous, marvelous and beautiful Huangyaguan Great Wall, featuring a long history, many changes, exquisite layout and complete facilities, is a masterpiece in the history of Great Wall construction. There are the other scenes, such as the Great Wall Museum, "Water Pass", "Eight-Diagram City", the Stele Forest and Hall of Famous Couplets. With deep culture, the Huangyaguan Great Wall is listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO.</text>
<image filename="2_2_8a">Huangyaguan Great Wall, Tianjin</image>
<image filename="2_2_8b">Huangyaguan Great Wall, Tianjin</image>
<tip>There are two trains from Tianjin to Jixian County, starting from 7:30 and 19:00 respectively, which will take about three hours. After arriving in Jixian County, there is a bus to the scenic area. The price of the ticket is 28 Yuan.</tip>
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<title>{2_2_9}Panshan Mountain</title>
<text>Located 12 kilometers northwest of Jixian County, it has been recognized as one of the 15 greatest mountains of China and known as "The First Mountain in the East of Beijing". There are the scenic spots such as three big stones, five peaks, eight stones and 72 temples. Now, such scenic spots have been opened as the Tianchen Temple, Wansong (Ten Thousand Pines) Temple, Yunzhao Temple and Guayue (Moon Hanging) Peak. It has been designated as national-class key scenic areas.</text>
<tip>It will take three hours by train from Tianjin Railway Station to Jixian County, followed by a special bus to the scenic area. The ticket costs 26 Yuan.</tip>
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<title>{2_2_10}Binhai Tourist and Holiday Resort</title>
<text>Located in the seashore of Tanggu District of Tianjin, Binhai Tourist and Holiday Resort is 45 km from Tianjin downtown. Occupying an area of two square km, it is China's largest artificial bathing place. It has an artificial bathing place of more than 70 square meters, a comprehensive aquatic sports pleasure ground of over 80 square meters, and all kinds of yachts. It is considered to be a first-ranking large-sized hot spring pleasure palace and outdoor hot spring bathing pool. There are the top class and medium-grade guest rooms, villas, wigwam areas, forest-style shower area and silver mall. In 1997, it was authorized as a city-class tourist and holiday resort by the municipal government.</text>
<image filename="2_2_10a">Binhai Tourist and Holiday Resort, Tianjin</image>
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<title>{2_2_11}Strange Rock Garden</title>
<text>The Strange Rock Garden is located at the foot of Panshan Mountain. Inside the garden, there is the Ten Thousand-Buddha Temple, the largest one with Buddha, 法 and monk in the east of Beijing, a mural of 87 immortals on the rock covering an area of 3,024 square meters that is listed in the Guinness World Records, numerous strange rocks and the Yu Qingcheng Pottery and Ceramic Art Museum.</text>
<image filename="2_2_11a">Strange Rock Garden, Tianjin</image>
<image filename="2_2_11b">Strange Rock Garden, Tianjin</image>
